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Compare Montenegro (2006) - French Polynesia (2002)
Compare Montenegro (2006) z French Polynesia (2002)
| Montenegro (2006) | French Polynesia (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 21 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Andrijevia, Bar, Berane, Bijelo Polje, Budva, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Herceg Novi, Kolasin, Kotor, Mojkovac, Niksic, Plav, Pluzine, Pljevlja, Podgornica, Rozaje, Savnik, Tivat, Ulcinj, Zabljak | none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 5 archipelagic divisions named Archipel des Marquises, Archipel des Tuamotu, Archipel des Tubuai, Iles du Vent, and Iles Sous-le-Vent
note: Clipperton Island is administered by France from French Polynesia |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years: 29% (male 38,184; female 36,631)
15-64 years: 65.7% (male 88,250; female 81,165) 65 years and over: 5.3% (male 6,850; female 6,767) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | grains, tobacco, potatoes, citrus fruits, olives, grapes; sheepherding; commercial fishing negligible | coconuts, vanilla, vegetables, fruits; poultry, beef, dairy products |
| Airports | 5 (2006) | 45 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2006) |
total: 37
over 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 22 under 914 m: 8 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006) |
total: 8
914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 5 (2002) |
| Area | total: 14,026 sq km
land: 13,812 sq km water: 214 sq km |
total: 4,167 sq km (118 islands and atolls)
land: 3,660 sq km water: 507 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Connecticut | slightly less than one-third the size of Connecticut |
| Background | The use of the name Montenegro began in the 15th century when the Crnojevic dynasty began to rule the Serbian principality of Zeta; over subsequent centuries it was able to maintain its independence from the Ottoman Empire. From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro became a theocratic state ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it was transformed into a secular principality. After World War I, Montenegro was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and, at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, first as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, in a looser union of Serbia and Montenegro. Following a three-year postponement, Montenegro held an independence referendum in the spring of 2006 under rules set by the EU. The vote for severing ties with Serbia exceeded the 55% threshold, allowing Montenegro to formally declare its independence on 3 June 2006. | The French annexed various Polynesian island groups during the 19th century. In September 1995, France stirred up widespread protests by resuming nuclear testing on the Mururoa atoll after a three-year moratorium. The tests were suspended in January 1996. |
| Birth rate | 12.6 births/1,000 population (2004) | 18.17 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: NA
expenditures: NA |
revenues: $1 billion
expenditures: $900 million, including capital expenditures of $185 million (1996) (1996) |
| Capital | name: Podgorica (administrative capital)
geographic coordinates: 42 26 N, 19 16 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Cetinje (capital city) |
Papeete |
| Climate | Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland | tropical, but moderate |
| Coastline | 293.5 km | 2,525 km |
| Constitution | 12 October 1992 (was approved by the Assembly) | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form: Republic of Montenegro
conventional short form: Montenegro local long form: Republika Crna Gora local short form: Crna Gora former: People's Republic of Montenegro, Socialist Republic of Montenegro |
conventional long form: Territory of French Polynesia
conventional short form: French Polynesia local long form: Territoire de la Polynesie Francaise local short form: Polynesie Francaise former: French Colony of Oceania |
| Currency | - | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003 |
| Death rate | 9.2 deaths/1,000 population (2004) | 4.49 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | NA | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | overseas territory of France since 1946 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | - | none (overseas territory of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Miodrag VLAHOVIC | none (overseas territory of France) |
| Disputes - international | ethnic Albanians in Kosovo refuse demarcation of the boundary with Macedonia in accordance with the 2000 Macedonia-Serbia and Montenegro delimitation agreement, which includes a section of boundary with Montenegro | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | NA | $367 million (1997) (1997) |
| Economy - overview | The republic of Montenegro severed its economy from federal control and from Serbia during the MILOSEVIC era and continues to maintain its own central bank, uses the euro instead of the Yugoslav dinar as official currency, collects customs tariffs, and manages its own budget. The dissolution of the loose political union between Serbia and Montenegro in 2006 led to separate membership in several international financial institutions, such as the IMF, World Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Montenegro is pursuing its own membership in the World Trade Organization as well as negotiating a Stabilization and Association agreement with the European Union in anticipation of eventual membership. Severe unemployment remains a key political and economic problem for this entire region. Montenegro has privatized its large aluminum complex - the dominant industry - as well as most of its financial sector, and has begun to attract foreign direct investment in the tourism sector. | Since 1962, when France stationed military personnel in the region, French Polynesia has changed from a subsistence economy to one in which a high proportion of the work force is either employed by the military or supports the tourist industry. With the halt of French nuclear testing in 1996, the military contribution to the economy fell sharply. Tourism accounts for about one-fourth of GDP and is a primary source of hard currency earnings. Other sources of income are pearl farming and deep-sea commercial fishing. The small manufacturing sector primarily processes agricultural products. The territory substantially benefits from development agreements with France aimed principally at creating new businesses and strengthening social services. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA | 379.44 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | 2.864 billion kWh 2.864 billion kWh (2005 est.) | 408 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel: 54%
hydro: 46% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m
highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Orohena 2,241 m |
| Environment - current issues | pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor | NA |
| Ethnic groups | Montenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma) 12% | Polynesian 78%, Chinese 12%, local French 6%, metropolitan French 4% |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8089 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001) | Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 135.04 (January 2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998), 106.11 (1997); note - pegged at the rate of 119.25 XPF to the euro |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Filip VUJANOVIC (since 11 May 2003)
head of government: Prime Minister Zeljko STURANOVIC (since 10 November 2006) cabinet: Ministries act as cabinet elections: president elected by direct vote for five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held in 2008); prime minister proposed by president, accepted by Assembly election results: Filip VUJANOVIC elected on the third round; Filip VUJANOVIC 63.3%, Miodrag ZIVKOVIC 30.8% |
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner of the Republic Michel MATHIEU (since 24 October 2001)
head of government: President of the Territorial Government of French Polynesia Gaston FLOSSE (since 4 April 1991); President of the Territorial Assembly Lucette TAERO (since 17 May 2001) cabinet: Council of Ministers; president submits a list of members of the Territorial Assembly for approval by them to serve as ministers elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Government and the president of the Territorial Assembly are elected by the members of the assembly |
| Exports | $171.3 million (2003) | $205 million f.o.b. (1999) |
| Exports - commodities | - | cultured pearls 50%, coconut products, mother-of-pearl, vanilla, shark meat (1997) |
| Exports - partners | Switzerland 83.9%, Italy 6.1%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.3% (2003) | Japan 62%, US 21% (1999) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | a red field bordered by a narrow golden-yellow stripe with the Montenegrin coat of arms centered | two narrow red horizontal bands encase a wide white band; centered on the white band is a disk with blue and white wave pattern on the lower half and gold and white ray pattern on the upper half; a stylized red, blue and white ship rides on the wave pattern; the French flag is used for official occasions |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2001 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: % NA
industry: % NA services: % NA |
agriculture: 6%
industry: 18% services: 76% (1997) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2001 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA | 4% (2001 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 42 30 N, 19 18 E | 15 00 S, 140 00 W |
| Geography - note | strategic location along the Adriatic coast | includes five archipelagoes (4 volcanic, 1 coral); Makatea in French Polynesia is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Nauru |
| Highways | - | total: 792 km
paved: 264 km unpaved: 528 km (2000) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $601.7 million (2003) | $749 million f.o.b. (1999) |
| Imports - commodities | - | fuels, foodstuffs, equipment |
| Imports - partners | Greece 10.2%, Italy 10.2%, Germany 9.6%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.2% (2003) | France 53%, US 13%, Australia 10% (1999) |
| Independence | 3 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro); note - a referendum on independence was held 21 May 2006 | none (overseas territory of France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | NA% |
| Industries | steelmaking, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism | tourism, pearls, agricultural processing, handicrafts |
| Infant mortality rate | - | 8.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3.4% (2004) | 1.5% (1994) |
| International organization participation | CEI, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, ICFTU, ILO, Interpol, IPU, ITU, OSCE, UN, UPU, WHO, WTO (observer) | ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Constitutional Court (five judges with nine-year terms); Supreme Court (judges have life tenure) | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Court of the First Instance or Tribunal de Premiere Instance; Court of Administrative Law or Tribunal Administratif |
| Labor force | 259,100 (2004) | 70,000 (1996) (1996) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 2%
industry: 30% services: 68% (2004) |
agriculture 13%, industry 19%, services 68% (1997) (1997) |
| Land boundaries | total: 625 km
border countries: Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Serbia 203 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 13.7%
permanent crops: 1% other: 85.3% |
arable land: 1.64%
permanent crops: 6.01% other: 92.35% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Serbian (Ijekavian dialect - official), Bosnian, Albanian, Croatian | French (official), Tahitian (official) |
| Legal system | based on civil law system | based on French system |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Assembly (81 seats, elected by direct vote for four-year terms; changed from 74 seats at the time of the elections)
elections: last held 10 September 2006 (next to be held 2010) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Coalition for a European Montenegro 41, SNS 12, Coalition SPP/NS/DSS 11, PZP 11, Liberals and Bosniaks 3, Democratic League-Democratic Prosperity 1, Democratic Union of Albanians 1, Albanian Alternative 1 |
unicameral Territorial Assembly or Assemblee Territoriale (49 seats - changed from 41 seats for May 2001 election; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 6 May 2001 (next to be held NA May 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - People's Rally for the Republic (Gaullist) 28, Independent Front for the Liberation of Polynesia 13, New Fatherland Party 7, other 1 note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on NA September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; two seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, UMP 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population: 75.23 years
male: 72.88 years female: 77.69 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition: age 14 and over can read and write
total population: 98% male: 98% female: 98% (1977 est.) |
| Location | Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia | Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from South America to Australia |
| Map references | Europe | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | NA | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 9,458 GRT/10,172 DWT
by type: cargo 4 registered in other countries: 4 (Bahamas 2, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2) (2006) |
total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,240 GRT/7,765 DWT
ships by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 2, refrigerated cargo 1 (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | Montenegrin plans call for the establishment of a fully professional armed forces | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; French Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $2.306 billion | - |
| National holiday | National Day, 13 July | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun: Montenegrin(s)
adjective: Montenegrin |
noun: French Polynesian(s)
adjective: French Polynesian |
| Natural hazards | destructive earthquakes | occasional cyclonic storms in January |
| Natural resources | bauxite, hydroelectricity | timber, fish, cobalt, hydropower |
| Net migration rate | - | 3.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Albanian Alternative or AA; Bosniak Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]; Coalition for a European Montenegro (Democratic Party of Socialists or DPS and Social Democratic Party or SDP) [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Coalition SPP/NS/DSS; Democratic League-Party of Democratic Prosperity [Mehmet BARHDI]; Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS; Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Ferhat DINOSA]; Liberal Party of Montenegro or LP [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC]; Movement for Changes or PZP [Nebojsa MEDOJEVIC]; People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag POPOVIC]; Serbian People's Party of Montenegro or SNS [Andrija MANDIC]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]; Social Democratic Party of Montenegro or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Socialist People's Party or SNP [Predrag BULATOVIC] | Independent Front for the Liberation of Polynesia (Tavini Huiraatira) [Oscar TEMARU]; New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api) [Emile VERNAUDON]; People's Rally for the Republic of Polynesia or RPR (Tahoeraa Huiraatira) [Gaston FLOSSE]; The New Star (Te Fetia Api) [Boris LEONTIEFF] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | NA |
| Population | 630,548 (2004) | 257,847 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 12.2% (2003) | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 3.5% (2004) | 1.67% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | - | Mataura, Papeete, Rikitea, Uturoa |
| Radio broadcast stations | 31 (2004) | AM 2, FM 14, shortwave 2 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 128,000 (1997) |
| Railways | total: 250 km
standard gauge: 250 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified 169 km) (2005) |
0 km |
| Religions | Orthodox, Muslim, Roman Catholic | Protestant 54%, Roman Catholic 30%, other 10%, no religion 6% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: modern telecommunications system with access to European satellites
domestic: GSM wireless service, available through two providers with national coverage, is growing rapidly international: country code - 382 (the old code of 381 used by Serbia and Montenegro will also remain in use until Feb 2007); two international switches connect the national system |
general assessment: NA
domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 177,663 (2005) | 52,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 543,220 (2005) | 5,427 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | 13 (2004) | 7 (plus 17 low-power repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus | mixture of rugged high islands and low islands with reefs |
| Total fertility rate | - | 2.18 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 27.7% (2005) | NA% |
| Waterways | - | none |
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